Earthquake:An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic wave. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time.
Elastic rebound:he elastic rebound theory is an explanation for how energy is spread during earthquakes. As rocks on opposite sides of a fault are subjected to force and shift, they accumulate energy and slowly deform until their internal strength is exceeded. At that time, a sudden movement occurs along the fault, releasing the accumulated energy, and the rocks snap back to their original undeformed shape.
Focus: either of two fixed points located on the major axis of an ellipse; the place where an earthquake originates below Earth's surface
Epicenter:is the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or underground explosion originates.
Seismology:the branch of science concerned with earthquakes and related phenomena.
Seismograph: An instrument for automatically detecting and recording the intensity, direction, and duration of a movement of the ground, especially of an earthquake.
Magnitude:A measure of the amount of energy released by an earthquake, as indicated on the Richter Scale.
Itensity: a measure of the size of an earthquake based on observation of the effects of the shock at the earth's surface
Tsunami: is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, generally an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosion (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.
Seismic gap: is a segment of an active fault known to produce significant earthquakes, that has not slipped in an unusually long time when compared with other segments along the same structure.